As a bisexual man in a same-sex relationship, I have consistently harbored a keen interest in understanding the experiences of fellow bisexuals, as well as obtaining factual data and statistics pertaining to the lesbian and gay communities.
In this article, I intend to fulfill this objective by delving into an extensive analysis of such information, including:
- The noteworthy growth in the number of individuals identifying as LGBT, with a remarkable 11.5-fold increase observed from the Silent Generation to Generation X.
- An intriguing gender disparity within the community, with men identifying as gay surpassing women identifying as lesbian at a ratio of 2:1.
- In examining behavioral patterns, a significant revelation emerges: behaviously bisexual men exhibit a threefold increase in the number of past-year partners, averaging at 4.9, compared to their heterosexual counterparts at 1.9.
- The transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among unfaithful partners in same-sex relationships, which stands at 26%.
- The diverse landscape of parenthood rates, with lesbians demonstrating a rate of 31% and gay men exhibiting the lowest rate at 16%.
Prepare yourself for an immersive journey through the most authoritative repository of statistics on lesbian, gay, and bisexual communities, as we uncover a wealth of knowledge on these captivating subjects.
Note: You are welcome to utilize the 40+ data and statistics charts presented in this article, provided that proper attribution is given to our team.
1. Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgender Demographics by Country
Demographic Characteristics of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Individuals in the United States
In 2022, Gallup executed a comprehensive survey involving over 10,000 respondents. The aim was to understand the proportion of individuals who personally identify as heterosexual or a part of the LGBT community.
The results indicated that 86.3% of adults identified as heterosexual, while 7.2% identified with a non-heterosexual orientation. Interestingly, 6.6% of respondents refrained from offering an opinion. [1]
The study proceeded to break down the specifics of the LGBT adult demographic in the United States based on sexual orientation or gender identity.
Out of the estimated 18.6 million LGBT adults, which constitute 7.2% of the total U.S. population, 2.4 million (or 13.4%) identified as lesbian, 4.1 million (22.4%) as gay, 10.8 million (58.2%) as bisexual, and 1.1 million (6%) categorized themselves under 'other' LGBT identities.
These figures, while seemingly unremarkable at first glance, demonstrate a significant shift over the last decade.
The percentage of U.S. adults who identify as part of the LGBT community more than doubled from 3.4% (10.6 million) in 2012 to 7.2% (23.8 million) in 2022.
For a more granular analysis, refer to the following diagram that displays the distribution of the total LGBT population by sexual orientation, gender identity, and generational division.
As evidenced in the data, there is a 1.9-fold increase in the LGBT population moving from the Silent Generation through Baby Boomers to Generation X.
However, this rise is overshadowed by the 5.9-fold surge observed from Generation X to Generation Z.
The increases across different LGBT categories for this generation are quite striking:
- Lesbian population: 4.4-fold increase
- Gay population: 4.2-fold increase
- Bisexual population: 8.1-fold increase
- Transgender population: 6.3-fold increase
- Other LGBT identities: 15-fold increase
And from Silent Generation to Generation X, we observe a 11.5-fold increase in total.
These substantial shifts underscore the rapidly evolving landscape of gender and sexual orientation identification across different generations.
Demographic Characteristics of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Individuals in the United Kingdom
To begin, we will delve into several crucial aspects concerning the evolution of the demographics related to the LGBT community in the United Kingdom from 2014 to 2020:
- In 2020, 93.6% of the UK population aged 16 years and over self-identified as heterosexual or straight, demonstrating a diminishing pattern since the commencement of this time series in 2014 when the figure was 95.3%.
- Approximately 3.1% of the UK population aged 16 years and over self-identified as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) in 2020, which is nearly a twofold increase from the recorded percentage in 2014 (1.6%).
- The data reveals a ratio of 1.7:1 for bisexual women to men, indicating a higher prevalence of bisexual identification among women.
- When comparing the gay and lesbian populations, the data exhibits 2.2 times more individuals identifying as gay than lesbian.
- Moreover, a slightly higher number of LGBT men over women were reported, with a ratio of 1.1:1.
- In the age demographics, individuals between 16-24 years of age are 7.1 times more likely to identify as LGBT (9.3%), compared to those over 65 years of age (1.3%), and 2.8 times more likely than those between 35-49 years of age (3.3%).
- Interestingly, while the proportion of those identifying as bisexual remains low (0.5%-1.3%) relative to those identifying as lesbian or gay (1.1%-1.8%) across the years and most age groups, an inversion in this trend is observed for the first time in the 16-24 age group, with 2.7% lesbian/gay and 5.3% bisexual, signifying a 1.9-fold higher prevalence of bisexuality.
- Lastly, within the population self-identifying as LGB in 2020, a significant majority (72.5%) had never been married or in a civil partnership. Conversely, just under a quarter (23.7%) were currently married or in a civil partnership.
Displayed below is a graphical representation delineating the distribution of sexual identity within the UK population, presented in percentage values. [2]
Following is a graphical breakdown detailing the percentage distribution of sexual identity within various age cohorts in the United Kingdom:
Presented below is a quantitative summary outlining the percentage distribution of the UK LGBT community, segregated by specific sexual orientation:
Below is a comprehensive delineation of the sexual identity demographics within the United Kingdom, stratified by gender:
Demographic Characteristics of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Individuals in Canada
Below is a detailed dissection of the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer or Questioning and Two-Spirit (LGBTQ2+) demographic within Canada:
- Currently, Canada is host to over one million individuals identifying as part of the LGBTQ2+ community, representing 4% of the Canadian population aged 15 years and older.
- Within this group, lesbians represent 150,600 individuals or 15.1%, gays account for 255,100 or 25.5%, bisexual women total 332,000 or 33.2%, bisexual men comprise 161,200 or 16.1%, and individuals identifying under other categories total 101,000, constituting 10.1%.
- When comparing the number of bisexual women to bisexual men, we find a 2:1 ratio, with twice as many women identifying as bisexual.
- Similarly, there is a ratio of 1.6:1 in the number of gays to lesbians, indicating a larger proportion of gay individuals.
- With respect to gender identity within the lesbian, gay, and bisexual community, 44.4% identify as male, 52.5% as female, and a smaller 3% as non-binary.
- An analysis by age groups reveals a higher concentration of individuals identifying as LGBTQ2+ within younger age brackets. Specifically, the proportion of LGBTQ2+ individuals aged 15 to 24 (29.7%) and 25 to 34 (28.7%) substantially surpasses their counterparts within the non-LGBTQ2+ population for these age brackets (14.0% and 16.5%, respectively).
- For the middle-age cohorts (35 to 44, and 45 to 54), the representation of LGBTQ2+ individuals (15.0% and 10.1%, respectively) is slightly less than their non-LGBTQ2+ counterparts (both groups at 16.1%).
- This disparity amplifies within the older age cohorts. Only 9.2% of the LGBTQ2+ population fall within the 55 to 64 age group, and a mere 7.3% are aged 65+, while the non-LGBTQ2+ population is significantly larger in these age groups (16.8% and 20.6%, respectively).
- In summary, the LGBTQ2+ demographic in Canada leans towards younger ages, with the majority being under 35. Conversely, the non-LGBTQ2+ population appears more uniformly distributed across all age groups, albeit with a slight inclination towards older ages.
Below is a pie chart representing the distribution of the LGBTQ2+ population within Canada, with the total number and corresponding percentage of individuals broken down by sexual orientation. [3]
Below is a pie chart providing a comprehensive depiction of the LGBTQ2+ population in Canada, segmented by gender identity and presented in percentage terms.
Presented below is a graphical illustration delineating the age distribution of both LGBTQ2+ and non-LGBTQ2+ populations in Canada. The age groups are categorized as 15 to 24, 25 to 34, 35 to 44, 45 to 54, 55 to 64, and 65+, and the respective percentages for each group are demonstrated for a comprehensive comparison.
Worldwide Demographic Characteristics of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Individuals
Here are some key data points on lesbian, gay and bisexual worldwide demographics:
- Prevalence of Heterosexuality: Predominantly, a substantial proportion of the global populace, constituting 80%, identifies as heterosexual. This statistic underlines the global predominance of heterosexuality as a sexual orientation.
- Minority Sexual Orientations: The classifications of Gay/Lesbian, Bisexual, and other orientations represent smaller fragments of the overall global population. Specifically, individuals identifying as Gay/Lesbian and Bisexual comprise 3% and 4% of the total population, respectively. Simultaneously, an additional 3% pertains to the "Other" category, which could encapsulate a myriad of diverse orientations such as pansexuality, asexuality, among others.
- Ambiguity in Self-Identification: Remarkably, a noteworthy segment of the global population, amounting to 11%, is classified under the "Don't Know/No Answer" (DK/NA) category. This could potentially imply several factors: a) an appreciable number of individuals might exhibit uncertainty regarding their sexual orientation; b) cultural, social, or personal considerations might impede individuals from comfortably disclosing their sexual orientation; or c) there could be instances of misunderstanding or inappropriate response to the inquiry about sexual orientation.
Presented herein is a pie chart delineating the average global demographics segmented by sexual orientation within the LGBT community, expressed in percentage terms. [4]
2. Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual demographics between genders
In the comparison of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual demographics between genders, the data reveals distinct numerical disparities.
- Women identifying as bisexual manifest at a frequency twice that of men with the same sexual orientation, presenting a ratio of 2:1.
- Conversely, men identifying as gay are twice as numerous as women identifying as lesbian, also reflecting a ratio of 2:1.
- This disparity delineates significant gender differences within the subcategories of the Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual population.
To further elucidate these disparities, a graphical representation is provided below which visually encapsulates and highlights these distinctions. [5]
3. The Diversity of Bisexual Men
The Bisexual Men of Color
A larger proportion of men of color self-identify as bisexual, constituting 35% of the respective demographic, as compared to a lower 27% among their heterosexual counterparts. This differential suggests a higher incidence of bisexuality among men of color relative to heterosexuality.
The Bisexual Multiracial Men
In terms of multiracial representation, a notable disparity is evident; 15% of the male bisexual demographic identifies as multiracial, over double the corresponding figure of 6% within the male heterosexual demographic. This discrepancy signifies an overrepresentation of multiracial men within the bisexual population relative to the heterosexual cohort. [6]
4. The Diversity Of Bisexual Women
The Bisexual Women of Color
Correspondingly, a similar pattern is observed among women of color, whereby a larger percentage identifies as bisexual (36%) as opposed to heterosexual (26%). This trend indicates a higher prevalence of bisexuality within the population of women of color.
The Bisexual Black Women
Among black women, the ratio is skewed towards bisexuality with 17% identifying as such, in contrast to the 13% identifying as heterosexual. This statistic suggests an elevated incidence of bisexuality among black women in comparison to their heterosexual counterparts. [6]
5. How Heterosexual, Gay And Lesbian Couples Meet
First, here's a comparative analysis of how heterosexual couples meet between 1995 versus 2017.
- Digital Connections: A considerable surge is observed in the proportion of heterosexual couples forming connections via online platforms. This modality has leapt from a mere 2% in 1995 to a substantial 39% in 2017, indicative of the pervasive role of technology and digital dating platforms in contemporary relationship initiation.
- Friends and Family as Intermediaries: Comparatively, the role of friends and family as mediating forces in relationship initiation has shown a decline. The data suggests that in 1995, friends facilitated 33% and family 15% of the introductions between eventual couples. These figures notably fell to 20% and 7%, respectively, by 2017.
- Occupational and Educational Settings: The data reflects a diminishing trend in couples establishing their relationships within occupational or educational environments. The percentage of couples who reported meeting as coworkers dropped from 19% to 11%, while school-originated relationships receded from 10% to a mere 5% over the 22-year span.
- Bars and Restaurants: In contrast, the data indicates an escalating trend of couples forming initial connections in bars and restaurants, with percentages rising from 19% in 1995 to 27% in 2017.
- Religious and Neighborhood Circles: The influence of religious and neighborhood circles on relationship initiation has declined over the years. The proportion of couples that met through church activities dwindled from 7% to 4%, while those who met as neighbors shrank from 8% to 3% between 1995 and 2017.
- College Origin: Relationship initiation in college settings also showed a descending pattern, with the proportion falling from 9% in 1995 to 4% in 2017.
In summary, the data illuminates a distinct societal shift in relationship initiation patterns, veering towards digital and social settings like online platforms and bars/restaurants, and away from traditional facilitators such as friends, family, work, school, religious institutions, and neighborhood settings.
Presented below is a comparative chart depicting the methods through which heterosexual couples met during the periods of 1995 and 2017. [7]
An examination of the given data unveils compelling patterns regarding the methods by which same-sex couples in the LGBT population initiate their relationships.
A notable 19.6% of these relationships begin in bars or restaurants, underscoring the pivotal role of such communal venues in fostering connections within this demographic.
A standout observation lies in the significant impact of online interactions. By amalgamating the categories of "Met Online" (18.8%), "Online Dating/App" (10.1%), "Internet" (4.6%), and "Internet Social Network" (2%), we discern that a striking 36% of same-sex couples establish their relationships through an array of digital platforms. This observation underscores the internet's instrumental role in catalyzing relationships within the LGBT population, possibly by providing an environment that is more accessible or conducive to establishing connections.
Additional key meeting locations include private social gatherings (7.3%), collegiate environments (5%), and professional arenas reflected in customer-client relationships (5%). Conventional institutions like educational facilities (4.2%) and public locales (3.7%) also contribute to relationship development, albeit to a somewhat lesser degree.
Interestingly, volunteer activities (4.4%) are proven significant, evidencing the impact of mutual interests and community involvement on relationship initiation.
Lastly, the intriguing 15.3% listed under "Other" suggests a considerable contribution from a diverse array of less traditional or less readily categorizable scenarios. This statistic emphasizes the heterogeneity of experiences within the LGBT community and suggests potential avenues for further nuanced investigation and understanding.
Presented below is a pie diagram illustrating the venues at which same-sex couples establish their relationships, delineated by corresponding percentages. [8]
Read more: How Straight And Gay Couples Meet: Statistics [LGBT]
6. A Comparative Analysis of Partner Meeting Age: Same-Sex Couples versus Heterosexual Couples
In general, it has been observed that heterosexual couples tend to meet during the early stages of adulthood, typically between the ages of 18 and 25.
Conversely, same-sex couples, on average, tend to meet later in life, typically between the ages of 25 and 35. [8]
7. Comparative Analysis of Sexual Partner Numbers among Heterosexual, Homosexual, and Bisexual Individuals
The number of sexual partners varies significantly based on sexual orientation and gender.
Comparative Analysis Of Sexual Partner Numbers Among Men Based on Sexual Orientation
- Bisexual men demonstrate a threefold increase in the number of past year partners (4.9) compared to heterosexual men (1.9).
- Similarly, bisexual men exhibit a 2.6-fold higher rate of past year partners than homosexual men (2.2).
- It is noteworthy that in this case, sexual orientation is defined based on sexual behavior rather than individuals' self-identified sexual identity or attraction.
The following visualization provides a comprehensive depiction of the distribution of past year sexual partners based on sexual orientation in percentage terms. [9]
The following visualization provides a comprehensive depiction of the distribution of the total number of past year sexual partners based on sexual orientation. [9]
Comparative Analysis Of Sexual Partner Numbers Among Women Based On Sexual Orientation
- In the arena of sexual behavior, lesbian and bisexual college women report an average of 5.9 partners throughout their lifetime.
- A narrower focus on recent activity, specifically over the past three months, indicates that these women have reported engaging with an average of one sexual partner.
- Furthermore, a gender analysis of these recent partnerships reveals that roughly 0.3 of the partners identified as male, while approximately 0.8 identified as female. [10]
8. Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual Online Dating And App Usage Statistics
Although dating apps may not be the primary method for long-term partner formation, they undeniably dominate the realm of short-term encounters.
The following data and statistics shed light on this phenomenon:
- The advent of online gay dating services began in 1999 with the launch of Gaydar. However, it wasn't until 2009 that significant advancements were made with the introduction of Grindr, followed by Scruff one year later.
- Fast forward to 2022, where Grindr amassed an impressive 12 million monthly visitors, facilitated a staggering 111 billion chats, and witnessed the exchange of over 855 million photos.
- When it comes to the most popular dating apps among lesbian and bisexual women, Hinge, Bumble, and Tinder emerge as the top contenders. [11]
9. Porn Statistics for Gay, Bisexual, and Lesbian Communities
- On average, males allocate 9 minutes and 45 seconds per visit to PornHub, while females dedicate precisely 10 minutes.
- In relation to the top three searches conducted by the gay community on PornHub, the results revealed were: Hentai, Twink, and Pinoy. The three most frequented categories by the same group include Straight Guys, Black, and Group.
- The most sought-after performers within the gay adult film industry are Dante Colle, KolinArt, Michael DelRay, Tyler Wu, and Cris Fabio.
- Expectedly, it was found that bisexual males consume content from a range of orientations, which includes gay, straight, and bisexual.
- An interesting finding showed that while both bisexual and heterosexual males view solo masturbation content at a rate close to 60%, the rate for gay males is slightly lower, falling under 50%.
- Further, the interest in content involving bondage or kink among bisexual men was found to be notably lower at 13.7%. This contrasts with the relatively higher interest among straight and gay men, with rates of 24.6% and 27.9%, respectively. [12]
Presented below is an illustrative infographic delineating porn consumption statistics pertinent to Gay, Bisexual, and Lesbian communities.
Despite the fact that bisexuals constitute a majority within the LGBT community, their representation in porn does not reflect this majority status.
An examination of PornHub reveals a striking underrepresentation of bisexual-themed content, accounting for merely 6.3% of the total video count, equating to approximately 23,257 videos.
This proportion stands in stark contrast to the comparatively more abundant categories: Lesbian-themed videos represent 33.5% of the content, amounting to 124,380 videos; Gay-themed content constitutes 21.3% or 79,207 videos; and Transgender-themed videos form a substantial 39% of the content, translating to approximately 144,700 videos.
Presented hereafter is a pie diagram illustrating the distribution of adult content on PornHub based on sexual orientation within the LGBT community. The chart includes both the total count of videos and their corresponding percentage representation. [13]
A similar pattern is observed in the DVD porn retailer HotMovies offerings, where a mere 2,139 or 1.34% of titles are categorized as bisexual out of a vast catalog exceeding 160,000 movies. [14]
Read more: Gay Porn Statistics [LGBT]
10. Biphobia Explained And Statistics
Throughout my interactions with both straight women and gay men, I have unfortunately encountered various forms of biphobia.
Similar experiences have also been echoed by my counterparts in the online bisexual communities that I frequent, suggesting that this issue is unfortunately common.
But biphobia isn’t limited to online forums, scientific studies have picked up on this too:
“Heterosexual women rated bisexual men as less sexually and romantically attractive, less desirable to date and have sex with, and less masculine compared to straight men.”
Not only that, but bisexual men seem to be the most hated ones:
“These results support previous research findings that indicate more negative attitudes toward dating bisexual men than bisexual women.” [15]
A survey undertaken by AdamandEve queried 1000 participants about their receptivity to engaging in a relationship with a bisexual individual.
The results revealed that slightly less than half, 47% of the respondents, expressed a negative disposition towards this idea.
On a more positive note, 35% of the participants indicated openness towards establishing a relationship with someone identifying as bisexual. A remaining 19% communicated indecision on the subject, leaving the question unresolved.
A gender-based analysis of the results indicated that male respondents were marginally more open to the concept than their female counterparts. Specifically, 39% of men expressed an affirmative response, compared to 31% of women. In terms of uncertainty, a higher percentage of women (23%) compared to men (15%) were ambivalent about the prospect of dating a bisexual individual. [16]
Following are the detailed results of the survey as represented in a pie chart:
However, it's critical to note that biphobia is not solely perpetuated by heterosexual individuals.
Numerous studies reveal that, surprisingly, biphobia is also prevalent among homosexual men and women, even though bisexual individuals constitute more than half of the LGBT community. [17]
This raises a pertinent question:
Why is biphobia so common?
Here are several possible reasons with counter arguments:
The HIV Scare
During the AIDS crisis, many heterosexual women were under the misconception that they were completely safe from contracting AIDS from gay men and the media irresponsibly perpetuated the fear that bisexual men would act as a bridge for transmission, neglecting to emphasize the importance of safe sex or the potential risk of contracting AIDS through shared drug needles.
(Could make a comparison to the relatively recent monkeypox outbreak.)
Less masculine
In numerous cultural contexts, there is a prevalent perception that bisexual men are unfortunately deemed less 'masculine', causing some women to find them less appealing.
However, one might argue that engaging in a relationship with another man can be perceived as an ultimate expression of masculinity.
The 'Pure Gay Fantasy'
Just like major religions believe in the purity culture (i.e. having an ultra conservative sex life), some gay men want a ‘pure gay experience’ and don’t want any bisexual men ‘adulterating’ their sexual experience.
The Fear of Cheating
Among both male and female populations, there exists a prevalent apprehension that a bisexual partner may exhibit a greater propensity for infidelity.
While there are data intimating a potential correlation between increased rates of infidelity and bisexual individuals, it is critical to underscore the necessity of evaluating individuals' actions on a case-by-case basis.
Broad generalizations and assumptions based on one's sexual orientation can be misleading and may contribute to perpetuate harmful stereotypes.
The Claim That “Bisexual men are just gay and bisexual women are just straight”
The statement suggesting that "bisexual men are essentially gay and bisexual women are fundamentally heterosexual" is a widespread misperception.
It is true that for some, the identification as bisexual may act as a transitional phase in their journey towards acknowledging their homosexuality. However, there exists a significant population of genuinely bisexual men and women.
An individual's sexual attractions should not be used to conclusively label their sexual orientation. A man's interest in other men does not automatically designate him as gay, just as a woman's affection for another woman does not necessarily equate to attention-seeking behavior.
Sexuality is a broad spectrum, and it is of paramount importance to acknowledge and respect each individual's self-identified orientation without resorting to stereotyping or overly simplistic categorizations.
Sexuality is fluid
Another contributing factor to biphobia is the fear that bisexual individuals may experience shifts in their attractions towards either straight or gay preferences, leading to potential dissolution of relationships and emotional hurt for their partners.
Indeed, such a scenario could occur given that sexuality is a fluid construct, particularly among bisexual individuals.
However, it's crucial that these cases are considered individually, rather than making blanket assumptions.
To summarize, while this discussion does not cover all possible reasons for the widespread occurrence of biphobia, it does provide some clarity and insight into the subject.
Understanding these factors can serve as a stepping stone towards fostering a more accepting and inclusive society.
11. Coming out Percentages Between Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual individuals
The data suggests significant differences in the degree of openness about sexual orientation between Gay/Lesbian and Bisexual individuals.
A considerable majority of those identifying as Gay/Lesbian (75%) disclose their orientation to all or most of the key individuals in their lives, a contrast to the 19% among Bisexual individuals.
When considering individuals who are out to only some significant people in their lives, there is a higher prevalence among Bisexual individuals (24%) as opposed to those identifying as Gay/Lesbian (13%).
The Bisexual community demonstrates a higher level of selective disclosure or secrecy, with 31% choosing to share their orientation with only a few significant individuals.
Lastly, a notable 26% of Bisexual individuals do not reveal their orientation to anyone, compared to a much lower proportion of 4% in the Gay/Lesbian community. [20]
Below is a visualization of this data:
12. Family acceptance for LGBT youth by Sexual Orientation
The data reflecting the comparatively low levels of 'coming out' among bisexual individuals may not be unexpected in light of their relatively low rates of familial acceptance.
Specifically, a mere 27% of Bisexual youth reported experiencing acceptance from their families, a figure that stands noticeably lower when compared to the reported acceptance rates of Gay/Lesbian youth at 33% and Queer youth at 36%. [19]
Please refer to the accompanying chart for a visual representation of these statistics:
13. Attraction Across Heterosexual, Lesbian/Gay, and Bisexual Orientations
The data analysis on sexual attraction across Heterosexual, Lesbian/Gay, and Bisexual orientations yields some informative insights.
- An overwhelming 96% majority of Heterosexual individuals report being attracted to the opposite gender, a percentage substantially greater than corresponding figures within the Lesbian/Gay and Bisexual communities.
- The Bisexual demographic presents a balance between attractions towards mostly the opposite gender (40%) and both genders equally (43%), underscoring the fluidity inherent in bisexuality.
- Notably, there's a significant predilection towards the same gender within the Lesbian/Gay community (81%), a trend not mirrored within the Heterosexual and Bisexual populations.
- The negligible representation of Heterosexual and Lesbian/Gay individuals attracted to both genders equally (0%) establishes a sharp contrast with the Bisexual community (43%).
- Intriguingly, a sizable fraction of Bisexual individuals express a preference for mostly the same gender (12%), a percentage not too distant from that of the Lesbian/Gay community (14%). [20]
Please refer to the accompanying chart for a visual representation of these statistics:
14. Discrimination, Sexual Harassment And Violence in the Lesbian, gay, Bisexual communities
Percent of respondents experiencing intimate partner violence by sexual orientation
- Bisexual individuals, both women and men, reported the highest rates of experiencing intimate partner violence at 61% and 37% respectively, which are significantly higher compared to their Heterosexual and Gay/Lesbian counterparts.
- The rate of intimate partner violence experienced by Lesbian women (44%) is noticeably higher than that of Gay men (26%).
- Heterosexual women (35%) reported a higher prevalence of intimate partner violence compared to Heterosexual men (29%).
- Among men, those identifying as Heterosexual reported a slightly higher incidence of intimate partner violence (29%) compared to Gay men (26%).
These findings underscore the varying prevalence of intimate partner violence across different sexual orientations, with Bisexual individuals seeming to bear the brunt of such experiences. It also highlights the gender disparity within each sexual orientation group in relation to the experience of intimate partner violence. [21]
See the following visualization for a more detailed view:
Students reporting one or more instances of sexual assault by sexual Orientation
The data on students reporting instances of sexual assault as a percentage reveals notable trends.
Bisexual students reported the highest percentage of instances of sexual assault in their lifetime, with 47% experiencing such incidents, surpassing both Lesbian/Gay students (33%) and Heterosexual students (17%).
Similarly, in the past year, Bisexual students reported the highest percentage of instances of sexual assault at 12%, compared to Lesbian/Gay students (7%) and Heterosexual students (3.3%).
Additionally, Lesbian/Gay students reported a higher percentage of instances of sexual assault in their lifetime (33%) compared to Heterosexual students (17%), with a similar pattern observed in the past year (7% vs. 3.3%). [22]
See the following visualization for a more detailed view:
Prevalence of Dating Violence Among Students, Differentiated by Sexual Contact and Sexual Orientation
Behaviorally bisexual students experience a significantly higher prevalence of dating violence among students, with a rate of 30%. This percentage surpasses even the reported prevalence among students who self-identify as bisexual, which stands at 23%. [23]
See chart below for more detail:
Incidence of Online Bullying, Threats, and Harassment Among Youth in the Past Year by Sexual Orientation
The data reveals a concerning trend regarding the incidence of online bullying, threats, and harassment among youth in the past year (through the internet of by text), differentiated by sexual orientation.
It is disheartening to observe that bisexual individuals have been subjected to the highest rates of such online misconduct, with a prevalence of 40%. Comparatively, Questioning individuals reported a rate of 31%, while both Lesbian/Gay and Heterosexual individuals experienced lower rates of 30% and 20% respectively. [24]
See chart below for more detail:
Inmate Sexual violence in places of incarceration by Sexual Orientation
The data demonstrates higher rates of sexual violence among gay and bisexual male inmates compared to their heterosexual counterparts. Gay male inmates have a prevalence of 39%, while bisexual male inmates have a prevalence of 34%, in contrast to the significantly lower prevalence of 4% among heterosexual male inmates.
These findings indicate a more pronounced vulnerability to sexual violence among non-heterosexual male inmates within the prison system.
Furthermore, the data reveals that sexual violence is not confined to a specific gender within the prison population, with both male and female inmates reporting incidents of sexual violence.
However, the prevalence varies depending on sexual orientation.
Bisexual women inmates report an 18% prevalence of sexual violence, slightly higher than the prevalence of 13% reported by lesbian and heterosexual women inmates. This suggests a distinct impact of sexual violence on bisexual women inmates relative to their lesbian and heterosexual counterparts. [25]
See chart below for more detail:
15. Cheating in Heterosexual, Bisexual, and Homosexual Couples: Statistical Insights
Gender disparities in potential preferences for cheating partners
Gender disparities in potential preferences for infidelity partners emerge from the data, signifying notable differences among heterosexual couples.
Men predominantly demonstrate a higher inclination for their partners to engage in infidelity with individuals of the same sex, as evidenced by 76.4% selecting this option.
Conversely, women exhibit a stronger inclination for their partners to engage in infidelity with individuals of the opposite sex, with 62.6% expressing this preference. [26]
See chart below for more detail:
infidelity based on sexual orientation and gender
In the context of current relationships, there are distinct patterns of cheating based on sexual orientation.
Specifically, among heterosexual individuals, 20.2% of women and 24.5% of men engage in infidelity. In contrast, within the gay and bisexual male population, a significantly higher proportion of 55.3% report engaging in cheating behavior, with 45% of them believing their partners remained unaware of their infidelity. [27]
See visualization below:
Transmission of sexually transmitted infections in same sex couples
The research findings provide valuable insights into the transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among unfaithful male partners in same-sex couples.
It is observed that approximately 26% of these unfaithful partners transmit STIs to their partners. While many of these infections can be effectively treated with a straightforward antibiotic shot (e.g. Gonorrhoea), it is important to note that certain STIs, such as HIV and herpes, do not currently have a cure available and can persist throughout a person's lifetime. [28]
See the following chart for a more detailed analysis.
16. Sexual Health and HIV statistics among gay and bisexual men
Although specific HIV statistics for bisexual and gay men are not available, the following provides a comprehensive overview of the topic:
- As of 2021, the estimated number of individuals living with HIV in the United States was 1.2 million, with approximately 87% of them having received a formal diagnosis. This indicates that approximately one out of eight people living with HIV in the United States remains unaware of their infection.
- Within the new HIV infection cases reported in 2021, approximately two-thirds were among gay and bisexual men. When considering age demographics, the highest number of new infections (9,100) occurred among individuals aged 25 to 34, followed by those aged 13 to 24 (4,900), and individuals aged 35 to 44 (4,000).
- In 2020, men who have sex with men (MSM) accounted for 71% or 21,763 of the 30,635 new HIV diagnoses in the United States.
- Encouragingly, there has been an 18% decline in HIV diagnoses between 2016 and 2021, with the number of new cases decreasing from 32,100 to 37,900. [29]
17. Lesbian, Gay & Bisexual: Same- Or Opposite-Sex Relationships
In contrast to lesbians and gays (6%), the data reveals that a substantial percentage of bisexual individuals (88%) report being in opposite-sex relationships. [20]
See the following chart for more details:
18. Percentage of Parents by Sexual Orientation and Gender
The data reveals distinct differences in parenthood rates among different sexual orientations and genders.
Straight women have the highest percentage of parents at 76%, followed by straight men at 61.6%. Among bisexual individuals, women have a parenthood rate of 59%, while men have a notably lower rate of 32%. For same-sex couples, lesbians have a parenthood rate of 31%, while gay men have the lowest parenthood rate at 16%. [30]
See the following diagram for more details:
19. Global Gay sex roles: Top, Bottom, Versatile
The data presents the countries with the highest percentages of individuals identifying as tops, bottoms, and vers within the context of sexual roles.
The countries with the highest percentages of tops are Morocco, India, Nigeria, Chile, and Israel.
Conversely, the countries with the highest percentages of bottoms are Vietnam, Sweden, Thailand, Peru, and South Africa.
Finally, the countries with the highest percentages of vers individuals are Venezuela, Guatemala, Argentina, Mexico, and Australia. [31]
20. U.S. Gay Sex Roles: Top, Bottom, Versatile
An analysis of 55,464 profiles on gay.com from the United States reveals intriguing insights into the sexual preferences of individuals within the gay community.
Among the surveyed profiles, 26.46% expressed a preference for the top role, while 31.92% preferred the bottom role, and the largest group (41.62%) identified as versatile.
Notably, preferences varied by state, indicating regional differences within the United States.
In Wyoming, for instance, 16% of profiles indicated a preference for the top role, while 44% preferred the bottom role, and 40% identified as versatile. In West Virginia, tops slightly outnumbered bottoms, with 32% expressing a preference for the top role, 29% for the bottom role, and 39% identifying as versatile. Conversely, in Oregon, versatile profiles were the most prevalent, accounting for nearly half of the surveyed profiles at 48.42%. [32]
See chart below for a visualization:
21. Gay Male Porn Stars: Top, Bottom, Versatile
A comprehensive study examining 5,556 gay male porn stars has yielded insightful findings regarding their sexual roles within the industry. The results indicate that a significant majority, specifically 82.4% of these individuals, have engaged in versatile performances at some point during their careers. Additionally, 10.8% exclusively performed in the top role, while 6.8% solely portrayed the bottom role.
Furthermore, an intriguing observation from the study revealed a correlation between the size of the actor's penis and their likelihood of assuming the top role. Specifically, actors with larger penises demonstrated a higher propensity for acting as tops in their performances. [33]
See chart below for a visualization:
22. Patterns of Recent Sexual Behavior Among Men Who Have Sex With Men
A study examining the most recent sexual encounter among men who have sex with men reveals interesting patterns of sexual behavior.
Out of the participants surveyed, only 37.2% reported engaging in anal sex during their most recent sexual encounter. In contrast, a significant majority, 72.7%, had participated in oral sex, while 68.4% reported engaging in partnered masturbation. [34]
23. Bisexual Individuals’ Experience of Workplace Discrimination
In the context of employment discrimination against bisexual individuals, the data indicates significant issues across different aspects of work life.
A substantial 58% of respondents reported exposure to biphobic jokes, illustrating the widespread nature of casual, verbal discrimination. This was followed by 31% experiencing sexual harassment due to their sexuality. Discrimination also impacts professional growth, as 20% received unfair reviews and 13% missed promotions due to their sexuality.
Additionally, direct employment biases exist, with 13% not being hired, 7% denied opportunities, and 5% being fired because of their sexuality. This demonstrates the pressing need for more inclusive and respectful workplace environments. [35]
See chart below for more details:
24. General LGBT acceptance at the workplace
The majority of workplaces appear to be inclusive, with 51% of respondents stating their workplace is very accepting of LGBT individuals, while a further 35% consider it somewhat accepting.
Despite this positive trend, a significant minority still experience less acceptance, with 13% of respondents describing their workplace as not too or not at all accepting of LGBT individuals. [36]
See chart below for more details:
When it comes to LGBT acceptance in the workplace by sexual orientation, there is a noticeable variance among different groups.
Gay men appear to feel the most acceptance, with 60% describing their workplaces as very accepting. Lesbians experience a slightly lower level of acceptance, with 50% sharing this sentiment. Bisexual individuals, however, report the least acceptance among these groups, with only 44% feeling their workplace is very accepting. [36]
See chart below for more details:
25. Discrepancies in LGBT Self-Disclosure at Work: An Analysis by Sexual Orientation
The openness about LGBT identities in professional settings varies significantly.
Overall, 33% of LGBT adults have disclosed their sexuality to all or most close co-workers, while 57% have informed only some or few colleagues. However, a notable 26% have not disclosed their sexuality at all at work. [36]
See chart below for more details:
https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/2013/06/13/chapter-3-the-coming-out-experience/
Discrepancies also exist when broken down by sexual orientation:
Half of lesbians (50%) and nearly half of gay individuals (48%) are openly 'out' at work, contrasted with a significantly lower proportion of bisexual individuals, with only 11% being open about their sexual orientation. [36]
See chart below for more details:
26. Income Disparity: A Comparative Analysis of Annual Family Incomes in Heterosexual and LGBT Communities
In terms of annual family income, it appears there's a significant disparity between heterosexual and LGBT groups in the U.S.
The average percentage of families earning less than $30,000/year stands at 28% for the general U.S. population. However, this percentage is significantly higher among the LGBT community at 39%. When we delve deeper into individual LGBT groups, we find this percentage is the same for lesbians (39%) but slightly lower for gay men (30%). The group most impacted appears to be bisexual individuals, with almost half (48%) reporting an annual family income of less than $30,000. [37]
See chart below for more details:
27. Impact of Parental Physical Abuse on Youth Homelessness by Sexual Orientation
Youth homelessness resulting from parental physical abuse varies noticeably by sexual orientation. The highest percentage is seen among bisexual youth, where 26% have experienced homelessness due to such abuse. This percentage is approximately double that of gay/lesbian youth at 13% and significantly higher than heterosexual youth at 15%. [38]
See chart below for more details:
28. Percent of Women With Anxiety and Mood Disorders by Sexual Orientation and Sexual Contact
Among women, the prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders differs significantly based on sexual orientation and sexual contact.
Bisexual women experience the highest rates of both mood (59%) and anxiety disorders (58%). This is followed by women who have sex with both sexes, showing rates of 56% and 51% for mood and anxiety disorders respectively.
Heterosexual women, those who have sex with men, and women who have never had sex report similar rates, around 30-31%. Women engaging only in same-sex contacts have the lowest rates, with 19% and 22% experiencing mood and anxiety disorders, respectively. [39]
See chart below for more details:
29. Percent of Men With Anxiety and Mood Disorders by Sexual Orientation and Sexual Contact
Among men, the incidence of mood and anxiety disorders also varies based on sexual orientation and sexual behavior.
Gay men report the highest rates among orientation groups, with 42% experiencing mood disorders and 41% facing anxiety disorders. Bisexual men and those unsure of their orientation have slightly lower but similar rates, around 36-37% for mood disorders and 33% for anxiety disorders.
Notably, men who have sex with both sexes exhibit high rates of these disorders as well (47% for mood disorders, 39% for anxiety disorders).
In contrast, heterosexual men, those having sex with women, those having sex with men, and those who have never had sex show relatively lower rates, ranging between 18-29%. [39]
See chart below for more details:
30. Percent of Youth Using Drugs by Sexual Orientation and Sexual Contact
Substance use among youth differs markedly by sexual orientation and sexual contact. Lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth, as well as those having sex with both sexes, report the highest usage rates for heroin, inhalants, and methamphetamines.
Specifically, lesbian/gay youth and those engaging in bisexual behavior show similar rates, with heroin use at 18%, inhalants at 26-34%, and methamphetamines at 21-22%.
Bisexual youth and those having same-sex contacts also show significantly elevated rates of drug use compared to their heterosexual peers.
For instance, bisexual youth use heroin at a rate five times higher (10% versus 2%), inhalants at over three times the rate (26% versus 8%), and methamphetamines at a rate five times higher (15% versus 3%) than heterosexual youth.
Similarly, youth having same-sex contacts use heroin at a rate over five times higher (11% versus 2%), inhalants at more than twice the rate (17% versus 8%), and methamphetamines at four times the rate (16% versus 3%) when compared to youth having sex with the opposite sex.
In stark contrast, heterosexual youth and those having sex with the opposite sex report significantly lower usage rates, ranging from 2-4% for heroin, 8-11% for inhalants, and 3-4% for methamphetamines. [40]
See chart below for more details:
31. Comparative Analysis of Suicide Ideation and Planning among High School Students: Dissecting by Sexual Orientation and Sexual Contact
Suicidal ideation and attempts among high school students show a strong correlation with sexual orientation and sexual behavior.
Bisexual students and those engaging in sexual activities with both sexes report alarmingly high rates.
Specifically, they are over three times as likely to seriously consider suicide (40% and 44% compared to 12% of heterosexual students), more than three times as likely to make a suicide attempt plan (36% compared to 10%), approximately five times as likely to attempt suicide (28% and 30% compared to 6%), and five to seven times as likely to experience a suicide attempt that requires medical treatment (11% and 15% compared to 2%).
Lesbian/gay students and those engaging in same-sex activities also show elevated rates compared to their heterosexual peers but lower than bisexuals and those having sex with both sexes. For instance, 30% of lesbian/gay students have seriously considered suicide, 21% made a plan, 26% attempted suicide, and 13% had attempts that resulted in injury requiring treatment.
Conversely, rates among heterosexual students and those having sex with the opposite sex are significantly lower, highlighting the stark contrast between these groups.
For heterosexual students, only 12% have seriously considered suicide, a rate over three times lower than that of bisexual students. Their rates for making a suicide plan, attempting suicide, and experiencing a medically-treated suicide attempt are also drastically lower, at 10%, 6%, and 2% respectively. Similarly, those engaging in opposite-sex activities show lower rates of 14%, 11%, 8%, and 3% respectively, marking a notable difference from their peers engaging in same-sex or both-sex activities. [40]
See chart below for more details:
32. Prevalence of Adverse Physical and Mental Health Outcomes Across Sexual Orientations
Negative physical and mental health outcomes vary considerably by sexual orientation.
Specifically, bisexual individuals demonstrate the highest rates across all the metrics.
They are 50% more likely to smoke (30% versus 20% of heterosexual individuals), almost twice as likely to have had five or more drinks in one day in the past year (40% compared to 22%), almost three times as likely to have experienced serious psychological distress in the past 30 days (11% versus 4%), and marginally more likely to be obese (35% compared to 29%).
Lesbian/gay individuals also show elevated rates compared to their heterosexual peers, albeit lower than bisexuals.
They are 35% more likely to smoke (27% versus 20%), 50% more likely to have had five or more drinks in one day in the past year (33% compared to 22%), slightly more likely to have experienced serious psychological distress in the past 30 days (5% compared to 4%), and show a slightly higher likelihood to be obese (30% compared to 29%). [41]
See chart below for more details:
To learn more about mental illnesses and relationships:
33. Global Religious And Non-Religious Beliefs on Homosexuality
When using the literal interpretation of religious texts, over 54.7% of the world's religions forbid homosexuality (Islam, Christianity and others), while 45.3% allow homosexuality, notably, Hinduism, Buddhism and of course, the non religious. [42]
See chart below for more details: BPD Marriage, Divorce & Parenthood Statistics
34. The Legality of Gay Sex in UN Member States Worldwide
Despite significant progress in the legality of gay sex over the past years, it remains prohibited in 70 countries worldwide, which accounts for approximately 30% of nations.
Additionally, in 12 of these countries (approximately 6.2%), engaging in gay sex is punishable by death.
These countries include Afghanistan, Brunei Darussalam, Iran, Mauritania, Nigeria, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. [43]
See chart below for more details:
35. Religious Affiliation among LGBT Community by age group
Religiosity among LGBT individuals exhibits a clear age-related trend.
Younger LGBT individuals tend to be less religious, with 61.5% of those aged 18-24 and 59.8% of those aged 25-34 identifying as not religious. This trend decreases with age, with 48.9% of those aged 35-49, 44.2% of those aged 50-64, and only 35.2% of those aged 65 and over identifying as non-religious.
Moderate religiosity is fairly consistent across all age groups, with a slight increase in the middle age brackets. Specifically, 23.7% of those aged 18-24, 25% of those aged 25-34, 29.9% of those aged 35-49, 31.7% of those aged 50-64, and 27.9% of those 65 and over identify as moderately religious.
However, high religiosity shows an inverse trend to non-religiosity with age. While only 14.8% of those aged 18-24 and 15.2% of those aged 25-34 identify as highly religious, the percentage increases with age. It goes up to 21.2% for the 35-49 age bracket, 24.1% for those aged 50-64, and peaks at 37% for those aged 65 and over. [44]
See chart below for more details:
Note: Ages 65+ not included in total average.
Conclusion
As always, I hope you've enjoyed my article and if you have any questions, be sure to share them in the comments below.
Cheers,
Coach Colt
Resources
[1] https://news.gallup.com/poll/470708/lgbt-identification-steady.aspx, https://news.gallup.com/poll/158066/special-report-adults-identify-lgbt.aspx
[2] https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/, https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/culturalidentity/sexuality/datasets/sexualidentityuk
[3] Statistics Canada, Survey of Safety in Public and Private Spaces, 2018, https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/12-581-x/2022001/sec6-eng.htm
[4] https://www.ipsos.com/sites/default/files/ct/news/documents/2021-06/LGBT%20Pride%202021%20Global%20Survey%20Report_3.pdf
[5] https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/210615/dq210615a-eng.htm, https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/culturalidentity/sexuality/bulletins/sexualidentityuk/2018
[6] Gary J. Gates and Frank Newport. 2012. “Special Report: 3.4% of U.S. Adults Identify as LGBT.” Gallup. October 18. http://www.gallup.com/poll/158066/special-report-adults-identify-lgbt.aspx, Lauren Beach and Gilbert Gonzales. 2016. “Prevalence of Diabetes by Sexual Orientation: Results from the 2014 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.” In. St. Louis, MO.
[7] https://web.stanford.edu/~mrosenfe/Rosenfeld_et_al_Disintermediating_Friends.pdf
[8] https://shivi-a.shinyapps.io/how_couples_meet/_w_84fa5a52/#tab-9649-3, https://data.stanford.edu/hcmst2017
[9] Jeffries WL 4th. The number of recent sex partners among bisexual men in the United States. Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2011 Sep;43(3):151-7. doi: 10.1363/4315111. Epub 2011 Jul 25. PMID: 21884382.
[10] Lindley, Lisa & Kerby, Molly & Nicholson, Thomas & Lu, Ning. (2007). Sexual Behaviors and Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Self-Identified Lesbian and Bisexual College Women. Journal of LGBT health research. 3. 41-54. 10.1080/15574090802093323.
[11] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_online_dating, https://s201.q4cdn.com/840224656/files/doc_financials/2022/q4/Grindr-Q4-FY-2022-SHL-vF.pdf
[12] Downing MJ Jr, Schrimshaw EW, Scheinmann R, Antebi-Gruszka N, Hirshfield S. Sexually Explicit Media Use by Sexual Identity: A Comparative Analysis of Gay, Bisexual, and Heterosexual Men in the United States. Arch Sex Behav. 2017 Aug;46(6):1763-1776. doi: 10.1007/s10508-016-0837-9. Epub 2016 Oct 5. PMID: 27709363, https://www.pornhub.com/insights/2022-year-in-review
[13] https://www.pornhub.com/insights/
[14] https://hotmovies.com/categories/15/bisexual
[15] Gleason, N., Vencill, J. A., & Sprankle, E. (2018). Swipe left on the bi guys: Examining attitudes toward dating and being sexual with bisexual individuals. Journal of Bisexuality, 18(4), 516–534. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299716.2018.1563935
[16] https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/adamandevecom-asks-would-you-be-open-to-dating-someone-who-is-bisexual-300322894.html, http://www.adamandeve.com/
[17] Tangela S. Roberts, Sharon G. Horne & William T. Hoyt (2015) Between a Gay and a Straight Place: Bisexual Individuals’ Experiences with Monosexism, Journal of Bisexuality, 15:4, 554-569, DOI: 10.1080/15299716.2015.1111183
[19] https://assets2.hrc.org/files/assets/resources/Supporting_and_Caring_for_Bisexual_Youth.pdf
[20] https://data.stanford.edu/hcmst2017, https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2019/06/18/bisexual-adults-are-far-less-likely-than-gay-men-and-lesbians-to-be-out-to-the-people-in-their-lives/
[21] Mikel L. Walters, Jieru Chen, and Matthew J. Breiding, “The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey: 2010 Findings on Victimization by Sexual Orientation” (Atlanta, GA: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, January 2013), http://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pdf/nisvs_sofindings.pdf
[22] Katherine Lust, "College Student Health Survey Report 2007-2011: Health and Health Related Behaviors Minnesota Postsecondary Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Students" (Boynton Health Service, University of Minnesota, February 2013), http://www.bhs.umn.edu/surveys/survey-results/2007-2011_LGB_CSHSReport.pdf
[23] Laura Kann, et al. 2011. “Sexual Identity, Sex of Sexual Contacts, and Health-Risk Behaviors among Students in Grades 9-12: Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance, Selected Sites, United States, 2001-2009.” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report Early Release 60: 1 -133. http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/ss/ss60e0606.pdf.
[24] Joseph P. Robinson and Dorothy L. Espelage, “Inequities in Educational and Psychological Outcomes Between LGBTQ and Straight Students in Middle and High School,” Educational Researcher 40, no. 7 (2011): 315–30, doi:10.3102/0013189X11422112.
[25] Allen J. Beck and Candace Johnson, “Sexual Victimization Reported by Former State Prisoners, 2008” (U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, May 2012), 200, http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/svrfsp08.pdf.
[26] Wang, Y., & Apostolou, M. (2019). Male Tolerance to Same-Sex Infidelity: A Cross-Cultural Investigation. Evolutionary Psychology, 17(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/1474704919843892
[27] Health Equality and Rights Organization (HERO), Mark KP, Janssen E, Milhausen RR. Infidelity in heterosexual couples: demographic, interpersonal, and personality-related predictors of extradyadic sex. Arch Sex Behav. 2011 Oct;40(5):971-82. doi: 10.1007/s10508-011-9771-z. Epub 2011 Jun 11. PMID: 21667234.
[28] https://www.lgbthero.org.uk/fs164-cheating-and-the-risk-of-stis
[29] National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/newsroom/2023/2021-hiv-incidence.html
[30] General Social Survey, https://ifstudies.org/blog/1-in-4-projecting-childlessness-among-todays-young-women https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2019/demo/P70-162.pdf, Current Population Survey (CPS), Abbie E. Goldberg, Nanette K. Gartrell, and Gary Gates. 2014. “Research Report on LGB-Parent Families.” The Williams Institute. http://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/lgbparent-families-july-2014.pdf.
[31] https://blog.grindr.com/blog/grindr-unwrapped-2020, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gay_sex_roles
[32] http://www.straightacting.com/phpbb3/viewtopic.php?p=222697
[33] Michelides, Christian: Männlichkeitskonstruktionen der Pornografie zur Jahrtausendwende, Wien 2009
[34] Rosenberger, Joshua; Reece, Michael; Schick, Vanessa; Herbenick, Debby; Novak, David; Van Der Pol, Barbara; Fortenberry, J. Dennis (August 24, 2011). "Sexual Behaviors and Situational Characteristics of Most Recent Male-Partnered Sexual Event among Gay and Bisexually Identified Men in the United States". The Journal of Sexual Medicine. Wiley. 8 (11): 3040–3050. doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02438.x. PMID 21883941. Retrieved November 27, 2022.
[35] Ann E. Tweedy and Karen M. Yescavage, “Employment Discrimination Against Bisexuals: An Empirical Study,” William & Mary Journal of Women and the Law 21 (2015): 699, doi:10.2139/ssrn.2297924.
[36] https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/2013/06/13/chapter-3-the-coming-out-experience/
[37] https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/2013/06/13/a-survey-of-lgbt-americans/
[38] Lynn Rew et al., “Sexual Health Risks and Protective Resources in Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Heterosexual Homeless Youth,” Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing 10, no. 1 (2005): 11–19.
[39] Wendy B. Bostwick et al., “Dimensions of Sexual Orientation and the Prevalence of Mood and Anxiety Disorders in the United States,” American Journal of Public Health 100, no. 3 (2010): 468-475, doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.152942.
[40] Laura Kann, et al. 2011. “Sexual Identity, Sex of Sexual Contacts, and Health-Risk Behaviors among Students in Grades 9-12: Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance, Selected Sites, United States, 2001-2009.” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report Early Release 60: 1 -133. http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/ss/ss60e0606.pdf.
[41] Brian W. Ward et al., “Sexual Orientation and Health Among U.S. Adults: National Health Interview Survey, 2013,” National Health Statistics Reports 77 (July 15, 2014): 1 -10.
[42] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_religious_groups, https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/religions/
[43] https://76crimes.com/76-countries-where-homosexuality-is-illegal/, https://ilga.org/downloads/ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2019.pdf
[44] Conron, K.J., Goldberg, S.K., O’Neill, K. (2020). Religiosity Among LGBT Adults in the US. Los Angeles, CA: The Williams Institute
